Cholinergic drug uses classification

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Cholinergic drug gives to perform the acetylcholine action, it is given when acetylcholine is not not working properly.

Acetylcholine is main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, autonomic nervous system.


Cholinergic drug Classification 

There are two type of cholinergic drug,

  1. Direct acting cholinergic drug 
  2. Indirect acting cholinergic drug.

1. Direct acting cholinergic drugs :- It act via stimulating acetylcholine receptor as, nicotinic receptor and muscarinic receptor.

Direct acting cholinergic drug are,
    • Carbachol
    • Bethanechol
    • Acetylcholine
    • Methacholine
    • Pilocarpine
    • Arecoline
    • Muscarine
    • Nicotine

    2. In-direct acting cholinergic drug :- It act via prohibiting the cholinesterase, that inhibit action of acetylcholine.

    In-direct acting cholinergic drug are,
      • Physostigmine
      • Neostigmine
      • Donepezil
      • Rivastigmine
      • Pyridostigmine
      • Echothiophate
      • Isoflurophate
      • Malathion


      Cholinergic drug USES 

      It use in,

      To increased secretions of,
        • Salivary gland
        • Gastric gland
        • Intestinal gland
        • Nasopharyngeal secretions
      1. To relax the smooth muscle of the intestine
      2. To promote peristalsis
      3. To promote urination by contracting detrusor muscle and relaxing trigonal muscle
      4. To slow down the heart rate
      5. To dilates the blood vessels

      It is given in following disease condition, (to promote nervous system) 
      • Glaucoma
      • Alzheimer disease
      • Parkinson disease
      • Myasthenia gravis


      Side effects

      Side effects are,
      1. Bradycardia
      2. Bronchospasm 
      3. Increased sweating 
      4. Diarrhea 
      5. Mild chest pain 
      6. Long term use of the cholinergic drug results in the loss of control over body muscles.

      Contraindication

      1. Hypersensitivity patients
      2. Eye surgery
      3. Pregnancy
      4. Kidney disorders

      Interaction 

      It interact with drugs like anti-depressants and anti-psychotic drugs.


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