Local Anesthetics Use Mechanism of Action Side Effect
Local anesthetic
Local anesthetics is use to decrease pain sensation, decrease tremors and convulsion via inhibiting neuromotor activity.
On applying anaesthetics it block nerves in affected area which result in no pain sensation.
Local anesthetics typically use in traumatic injury, accidents and minor surgeries & treatment.
It is also use as sedative drug inducing arousal, calmness and relive anxiety.
Mechanism of Action
Local anesthetics were use to secrease nervous transmission of pain sensation. It decrease muscle sensitivity and induce analgesia.
It decreases sodium production after which action potential fails to generate resulting in diminishing nervous response.
It block neuronal activity which decrease pain transmission. This result in no pain sensation to brain.
Use
Local anesthetics were use in small surgeries, injury, suturing and drainage from body.
Other uses,
- Suturing
- Acute pain
Acute pain from injury, accident are managed by local anesthetics.
- Surgery
During small surgeries, dental cares, catheterization and minor invasive surgeries local anesthetics are used.
- Labor pain
Local anesthetics use to decrease labor pain in early stage of labor.
- Post operative pain
Post operative pain is diminished by blocking nervous transmission.
- Biopsy
Biopsy is small procedure involving needle brick to remove body fluids for examination. Local anesthetics were use in spinal anesthesia and lumbar puncture.
Other uses are,
- Chronic pain in rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis
- Drainage fluid from body
- Catheterization
- Endoscopy
- Cystoscopy
- Drug induced pain
- Spinal anesthesia
- ENT operation
- Teeth surgery
Local anesthetics type
Local anesthetic were use in various ways by injecting it in your body, applying on skin etc.
They are prefer based on severity of injury, damage and condition of patient.
Injectable anesthesia is given by needle absorb by mucous membrane, body fluids ex. CSF fluid etc.
Surface anesthesia are jse via spray, solution and cream to apply on body affected part.
Injectable local anesthetics,
- Procaine
- Lignocaine
- Chloroprocaine
- Prilocaine
- Tetracaine
- Bupivacaine
- Bupivacaine
- Rapivacaine
- Etidocaine
Surface anaesthetics
- Cocaine
- Tetracaine
- Benzocaine
- Oxethazine
Side Effect
Local anesthetics side effects are,
- Altered conscioussness
After applying it on spinal cord, head or shoulder person may come into semiconscioussness or unconscioussness.
- Decreased cognitive function
Long term use of local anesthetics will result in decreasing brain functions. It also decrease muscle and neuronal receptivity on stimuli.
- Slow heart rate
Person may experience decreased heart rate due to decrease nervous system activation. It occur due to long term sedation of muscles.
- Twitching
Twitching may occur due to abormal muscle tone and alter neuronal activity. A person amy experience muld convulsion.
- Numbness
Numbness occur on long term use of anesthetic on affected area.
Other side effects are,
- Irritability
- Uneasiness
- Itching
- Dizziness
- Breathing problem
- Nerve damage
Contraindication
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